Chinese Ethnic Groups

Ethnic Groups Distribution Map (Click to enlarge)

As a large united multi-national state, China is composed of 56 ethnic groups. Among them Han Chinese account for 91.59% of the overall Chinese population and the other 55 make up the remaining 8.41% according to the Fifth National Population Census of 2000. As the combined population of these other minorities is far fewer than that of the Han, they form the 55 minorities of China.

These numerous ethnic groups share China's vast lands but at the same time many live in their individual communities. The relationships between them have been formed over many years.

 Chinese Han People

Miao Minority in Guizhou

With a population of 1159.4 million, the Han Chinese can be found in almost every part of China. However, they mainly live in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, Yangtze River and the Pearl River, and also in the Northeast Plain Region (Songliao Plain). They form the largest ethnic group within China and also the largest in the world. The Han people have their own distinctive way of life.

 55 Minorities in China
Although they make up only a small proportion of the overall Chinese population, the 55 minority ethnic groups are distributed extensively throughout different regions of China. The regions where they are most concentrated are Southwest China, Northwest China and Northeast China. No matter whether it is Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Ningxia, Guangxi, Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou, Qinghai or Sichuan, Gansu, Hubei, Hunan or another province, one can find Chinese minorities. From the areas listed above, the greatest number of minorities can be found in Yunnan Province (25 ethnic groups). Zhuang has the largest population (more than 16 million) of minority ethnic groups.
 

Tibetan People

In order to ensure that the 56 Chinese ethnic groups live together in harmony, the government introduced a series of policies including ones to secure the equality and unity of ethnic groups, give regional autonomy to ethnic minorities and promote respect for the faith and customs of ethnic groups. Among these the policy of regional autonomy for minorities is the most fundamental. Under this policy, five autonomous regions; Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Guangxi, Ningxia and Tibet, as well as numerous autonomous prefectures, counties, nationality townships and towns have been set up. With guidance from the Chinese government, the minorities in areas that have been given regional autonomy are entitled to deal with their own affairs. Together with the Han people, the Chinese minorities are making great efforts to build a prosperous China.

 List of 55 Chinese minorities:
 

Achang	Bai	Blang	Bonan	Bouyei	Chaoxian	Dai
Daur	Deang	Dong	Dongxiang	Dulong	Ewenki	Gaoshan
Gelao	Gin	Hani	Hezhen	Hui	Jingpo	Jino
Kazak	Kirgiz	Lahu	Li	Lisu	Luoba	Man
Maonan	Miao	Monba	Mongol	Mulam	Naxi	Nu
Oroqen	Primi	Qiang	Russ	Salar	She	Shui
Tagik	Tatar	Tu	Tujia	Uygur	Uzbek	Wa
Xibe	Yao	Yi	Yugur	Zang	Zhuang

 Photos of Chinese Minority People
Tibetan People Photos      Photos of Minorities in Yunnan
Guizhou Minority Photos      Xinjiang Minority People Photos
 

Ethnic Minority Tour: Tibet Tours     Silk Road Adventure    Yunnan Tours    Guizhou Minority Tour